Evolutionary Dynamics of Nitrogen Fixation in the Legume–Rhizobia Symbiosis
نویسندگان
چکیده
منابع مشابه
Evolutionary Dynamics of Nitrogen Fixation in the Legume–Rhizobia Symbiosis
The stabilization of host-symbiont mutualism against the emergence of parasitic individuals is pivotal to the evolution of cooperation. One of the most famous symbioses occurs between legumes and their colonizing rhizobia, in which rhizobia extract nutrients (or benefits) from legume plants while supplying them with nitrogen resources produced by nitrogen fixation (or costs). Natural environmen...
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a large input of energy and can occur either biologically, within the cells of various bacteria, or chemically, in fertilizer factories or during lightning storms. Among all living organisms, only bacteria have evolved the complex biochemical mechanisms required for nitrogen fixation. All "higher" plants and animals that are said to fix nitrogen are really only the symbiotic partners of the bac...
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Termites host a gut microbiota of diverse and essential symbionts that enable specialization on dead plant material; an abundant, but nutritionally imbalanced food source. To supplement the severe shortage of dietary nitrogen (N), some termite species make use of diazotrophic bacteria to fix atmospheric nitrogen (N2). Fungus-growing termites (subfamily Macrotermitinae) host a fungal exosymbiont...
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Alfred Koch has given considerable attention to the subject of nitrogen fixation by bacteria as resulting from their symbiosis with alga~. Many others have also investigated various features of this problem. In spite of all this there are numerous questions which remain unsolved. The use of soil cultures for such studies is objectionable on account of the soil's complexity, its variety of flora...
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امروزه سالیتون ها بعنوان امواج جایگزیده ای که تحت شرایط خاص بدون تغییر شکل در محیط منتشر می-شوند، زمینه مطالعات گسترده ای در حوزه اپتیک غیرخطی هستند. در این راستا توجه به پدیده پراش گسسته، که بعنوان عامل پهن شدگی باریکه نوری در آرایه ای از موجبرهای جفت شده، ظاهر می گردد، ضروری است، زیرا سالیتون های گسسته از خنثی شدن پراش گسسته در این سیستم ها بوسیله عوامل غیرخطی بوجود می آیند. گسستگی سیستم عامل...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: PLoS ONE
سال: 2014
ISSN: 1932-6203
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0093670